How to freeze gridview column in asp.net using jquery

Step - 1 : Create New Project.

Go to File > New > Project > Select asp.net web forms application > Entry Application Name > Click OK.

Step-2: Add a Database.

Go to Solution Explorer > Right Click on App_Data folder > Add > New item > Select SQL Server Database Under Data > Enter Database name > Add.

Step-3: Create table for fetch data.

Open Database > Right Click on Table > Add New Table > Add Columns > Save > Enter table name > Ok. 

In this example, I have used one tables as below

Step-4: Add Entity Data Model.

Go to Solution Explorer > Right Click on Project name form Solution Explorer > Add > New item > Select ADO.net Entity Data Model under data > Enter model name > Add.
A popup window will come (Entity Data Model Wizard) > Select Generate from database > Next >

Chose your data connection > select your database > next > Select tables > enter Model Namespace > Finish. 

Step-5: Add a Webpage and Design for Show Data in Fixed column Gridview.

Go to Solution Explorer > Right Click on Project name form Solution Explorer > Add > New item > Select web form/ web form using master page under Web > Enter page name > Add.

HTML Code 

               <h3>Freeze gridview column using jquery in asp.net</h3>
                <br />
                <div id="gridContainer">
                    <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="false" CellPadding="5"
                        CssClass="myGrid" AlternatingRowStyle-CssClass="alt">
                        <Columns>
                            <asp:BoundField DataField="UserName" HeaderText="Username" ItemStyle-Width="120px" />
                            <asp:BoundField DataField="FullName" HeaderText="Full Name" ItemStyle-Width="200px" />
                            <asp:BoundField DataField="EmailID" HeaderText="EmailID" ItemStyle-Width="200px"/>
                            <asp:BoundField DataField="IsActive" HeaderText="Is User Active?" ItemStyle-Width="200px"/>
                        </Columns>
                    </asp:GridView>
                </div>
        

CSS Code 

          <style>
            .myGrid {                 
                    background-color: #fff; 
                    margin: 5px 0 10px 0; 
                    border: solid 1px #525252; 
                    border-collapse:collapse; 
                }
                .myGrid td { 
                    padding: 2px; 
                    border: solid 1px #c1c1c1; 
                    color: #717171; 
                }
                .myGrid th { 
                    padding: 4px 2px; 
                    color: #fff; 
                    background-color: #424242; 
                    border-left: solid 1px #525252; 
                    font-size: 0.9em; 
                }
                .myGrid .alt {
                    background-color: #EFEFEF;
                }
        </style>
        

JS Code 

             <script>
                $(document).ready(function () {
            
                    // here clone our gridview first
                    var tab = $("#<%=GridView1.ClientID%>").clone(true);
                    // clone again for freeze
                    var tabFreeze = $("#<%=GridView1.ClientID%>").clone(true);
 
                    // set width (for scroll)
                    var totalWidth = $("#<%=GridView1.ClientID%>").outerWidth();
                    var firstColWidth = $("#<%=GridView1.ClientID%> th:first-child").outerWidth();
                    tabFreeze.width(firstColWidth);
                    tab.width(totalWidth - firstColWidth);
 
                    // here make 2 table 1 for freeze column 2 for all remain column
 
                    tabFreeze.find("th:gt(0)").remove();
                    tabFreeze.find("td:not(:first-child)").remove();
 
                    tab.find("th:first-child").remove();
                    tab.find("td:first-child").remove();
 
                    // create a container for these 2 table and make 2nd table scrollable
            
                    var container = $('<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td valign="top"><div id="FCol"></div></td><td valign="top"><div id="Col" style="width:320px; overflow:auto"></div></td></tr></table)');
                    $("#FCol", container).html($(tabFreeze));
                    $("#Col", container).html($(tab));
 
                    // clear all html
                    $("#gridContainer").html('');
                    $("#gridContainer").append(container);
                });
            </script>
        

Step-6: Write below code in page_load event for fetch data from database and show in Gridview.

            protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                // populate data here
                if (!IsPostBack)
                {
                    //here  MyDatabaseEntities is our dbcontext
                    using (MyDatabaseEntities dc = new MyDatabaseEntities())
                    {
                        GridView1.DataSource = dc.UsersDatas.ToList();
                        GridView1.DataBind();
                    }
                }
            }
        

Step-7: Run Application